Canadian citizenship Test — All Practice Questions

Browse all 668 questions with answers and explanations, organised by chapter.

📜 Chapter 1: Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship (54 questions)

  1. Q1 In which year was Magna Carta signed in England?
  2. Q2 Magna Carta is also known by which other name?
  3. Q3 How long is the tradition of ordered liberty that Canadians have inherited?
  4. Q4 Which two of these are named as sources of Canadian law?
  5. Q5 Canada's unwritten constitution was inherited from which country?
  6. Q6 Which bodies pass the written laws that form part of Canadian law?
  7. Q7 What does habeas corpus give a person the right to do?
  8. Q8 Habeas corpus reaches Canada from which legal tradition?
  9. Q9 How many fundamental freedoms do Canadians have?
  10. Q10 Which fundamental freedom protects the right to follow a religion of your choice?
  11. Q11 Freedom of the press falls under which fundamental freedom?
  12. Q12 Which fundamental freedom covers gathering together peacefully?
  13. Q13 Which of these is one of Canada's four fundamental freedoms?
  14. Q14 Where do Canadians' rights and responsibilities come from?
  15. Q15 In which year was the Constitution of Canada amended to entrench the Charter?
  16. Q16 Which document was entrenched in the Constitution by the 1982 amendment?
  17. Q17 The Charter opens by recognizing the supremacy of God and which other principle?
  18. Q18 What does the opening phrase of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms underline?
  19. Q19 Besides setting out extra rights, what else does the Charter do?
  20. Q20 What do mobility rights allow Canadians to do?
  21. Q21 Which two of these are part of Canadians' mobility rights?
  22. Q22 What do Aboriginal Peoples' Rights in the Charter guarantee?
  23. Q23 What status do English and French have in Parliament and throughout the government?
  24. Q24 Which Charter right covers schooling in a minority official language?
  25. Q25 What is multiculturalism in Canada?
  26. Q26 Under multiculturalism, what do Canadians work hard to respect?
  27. Q27 In which city was the amended Constitution proclaimed in 1982?
  28. Q28 Under Canadian law, what is the position of men and women?
  29. Q29 How does Canada treat spousal abuse and so-called "honour killings"?
  30. Q30 Which of these practices does Canada not tolerate?
  31. Q31 Which founding principle of Canada is linked to the duty to obey the law?
  32. Q32 Rule of law means that both people and governments answer to what?
  33. Q33 Which statement reflects Canada's rule of law?
  34. Q34 What must you do if you are called to serve on a jury?
  35. Q35 Why do juries matter to Canada's justice system?
  36. Q36 As well as a legal duty, what is jury service in Canada?
  37. Q37 At which levels do Canadians have a responsibility to vote?
  38. Q38 Which is an example of taking responsibility for yourself and your family?
  39. Q39 In Canada, what does work contribute to?
  40. Q40 Who are Canada's volunteers?
  41. Q41 Which of these is given as an example of helping others in the community?
  42. Q42 What can volunteering help you gain?
  43. Q43 Encouraging newcomers to settle in is an example of which responsibility?
  44. Q44 Under protecting our heritage and environment, what should citizens avoid?
  45. Q45 Which three kinds of heritage should Canadians protect?
  46. Q46 For whose benefit is Canada's heritage and environment to be protected?
  47. Q47 Which two of these are responsibilities of Canadian citizenship?
  48. Q48 Is military service compulsory in Canada?
  49. Q49 Which three services make up the regular Canadian Forces?
  50. Q50 Which part-time forces can Canadians join locally?
  51. Q51 What can young people gain by joining the cadets?
  52. Q52 Besides the Canadian Forces, which national service is named as a way to serve?
  53. Q53 Which local emergency services are ways to serve your community?
  54. Q54 What is serving in the regular Canadian Forces considered to be?

🍁 Chapter 2: Who We Are (64 questions)

  1. Q1 Which three peoples are Canada's founding peoples?
  2. Q2 Which phrase in the British North America Act still guides Canadian institutions?
  3. Q3 What was Canada's original constitutional document of 1867 called?
  4. Q4 What makes Canada's system of government unusual in North America?
  5. Q5 How old is Canada's constitutional tradition?
  6. Q6 Poets and songwriters have praised Canada using which name?
  7. Q7 Which qualities built Canada's prosperous society?
  8. Q8 Where are the ancestors of Aboriginal peoples believed to have come from?
  9. Q9 Aboriginal and treaty rights are protected in which document?
  10. Q10 Which document of 1763 first guaranteed Aboriginal territorial rights?
  11. Q11 Which monarch issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
  12. Q12 What did the Royal Proclamation of 1763 set the basis for?
  13. Q13 Over which period did the federal government place Aboriginal children in residential schools?
  14. Q14 What was the stated purpose of the residential schools?
  15. Q15 What happened to Aboriginal languages and customs inside the residential schools?
  16. Q16 In what year did the federal government formally apologize to former residential school students?
  17. Q17 Which three groups make up the Aboriginal peoples of Canada?
  18. Q18 In Canada, who does the term "Indian" refer to?
  19. Q19 In which decade did the term "First Nations" come into use?
  20. Q20 Roughly how many First Nations communities hold reserve land?
  21. Q21 Where do most First Nations people who live off-reserve make their homes?
  22. Q22 What does the word "Inuit" mean in the Inuktitut language?
  23. Q23 Where do the Inuit live?
  24. Q24 Which knowledge helped the Inuit adapt to one of the world's harshest environments?
  25. Q25 Who are the Métis?
  26. Q26 In which part of Canada do most Métis live?
  27. Q27 What is the name of the dialect spoken by the Métis?
  28. Q28 Which language backgrounds do the Métis come from?
  29. Q29 What share of Canada's Aboriginal people are First Nations?
  30. Q30 What share of Canada's Aboriginal people are Inuit?
  31. Q31 Which of these people served as Canada's 15th Governor General?
  32. Q32 During which years did John Buchan serve as Governor General of Canada?
  33. Q33 Which two of these has the state traditionally done in partnership with faith communities?
  34. Q34 What did Lord Tweedsmuir say immigrant groups should do?
  35. Q35 What are Canada's official languages?
  36. Q36 What language duty does the law place on the federal government?
  37. Q37 How many Anglophones live in Canada?
  38. Q38 How many Francophones live in Canada?
  39. Q39 What is a Francophone?
  40. Q40 Beyond Quebec, a million French speakers are concentrated in which three provinces?
  41. Q41 Which Canadian province is officially bilingual?
  42. Q42 Who are the Acadians descended from?
  43. Q43 In what year did French colonists begin settling in today's Maritime provinces?
  44. Q44 What was the "Great Upheaval"?
  45. Q45 What fraction of the Acadian people was expelled between 1755 and 1763?
  46. Q46 Most Quebecers descend from how many French settlers of the 1600s and 1700s?
  47. Q47 What did the House of Commons recognize in 2006?
  48. Q48 How long a heritage do Canada's one million Anglo-Quebecers have?
  49. Q49 Which settlers established the basic way of life in English-speaking Canada?
  50. Q50 Which two of these are named among Canada's largest ethnic groups?
  51. Q51 What are newcomers to Canada expected to embrace?
  52. Q52 In Canada, what does a newcomer's past experience of war or conflict mean?
  53. Q53 What has been true of the majority of Canadians ever since the 1800s?
  54. Q54 Over what period have millions of newcomers helped build and defend Canada's way of life?
  55. Q55 Since the 1970s, where have most immigrants to Canada come from?
  56. Q56 Which language group ranks second to English as a home language in two of Canada's biggest cities?
  57. Q57 What share of Vancouver's population speaks Chinese languages at home?
  58. Q58 Which religious affiliation is the largest in Canada?
  59. Q59 What does the law provide for gay and lesbian Canadians?
  60. Q60 Who were the black Loyalists?
  61. Q61 Which Alberta town holds a Ukrainian Pysanka Festival?
  62. Q62 In which Ontario town are the Glengarry Highland Games held?
  63. Q63 Which Canadian city holds a Caribbean cultural festival?
  64. Q64 Which festival do Ismaili Muslims take part in?

🏛️ Chapter 3: Canada's History (117 questions)

  1. Q1 Why did the first European explorers call Canada's native peoples "Indians"?
  2. Q2 Which people of the Great Lakes region lived by both farming and hunting?
  3. Q3 Which Aboriginal people were nomadic, moving with the bison herds?
  4. Q4 What killed very large numbers of Aboriginal people after Europeans arrived?
  5. Q5 What did Aboriginal peoples and Europeans build in their first 200 years of contact?
  6. Q6 Which Europeans reached Labrador and Newfoundland about 1,000 years ago?
  7. Q7 What is l'Anse aux Meadows?
  8. Q8 English settlement of the New Founde Land did not begin until which year?
  9. Q9 How many Atlantic voyages did Jacques Cartier make between 1534 and 1542?
  10. Q10 Jacques Cartier claimed the land he explored for which monarch?
  11. Q11 By which decade had the name Canada begun to appear on maps?
  12. Q12 Where was the first European settlement north of Florida founded in 1604?
  13. Q13 Which two French explorers founded the first European settlement north of Florida in 1604?
  14. Q14 Which nations did Champlain make allies of the French colony?
  15. Q15 In what year did the French and the Iroquois finally make peace?
  16. Q16 Which European demand drove the fur trade shared by the French and Aboriginal people?
  17. Q17 How far did the French Empire in North America stretch at its height?
  18. Q18 What did Sir Guy Carleton do as Governor of Quebec?
  19. Q19 Who granted the Hudson's Bay Company exclusive trading rights in 1670?
  20. Q20 What were the fur traders who travelled by canoe called?
  21. Q21 Which two commanders were killed leading their troops at Quebec City in 1759?
  22. Q22 What name did Great Britain give the colony after defeating France?
  23. Q23 Which two names were used for the French-speaking Catholic people of the colony?
  24. Q24 What did the Quebec Act allow Roman Catholics to do?
  25. Q25 How did the Quebec Act treat the colony's two systems of law?
  26. Q26 In what year did the 13 colonies to the south declare independence?
  27. Q27 Who led thousands of Loyalist Mohawk into Canada?
  28. Q28 Why did some black Nova Scotians leave in 1792 to found Freetown in West Africa?
  29. Q29 Where and when was the first representative assembly in Canada elected?
  30. Q30 What did the Constitutional Act of 1791 do?
  31. Q31 Upper Canada, created in 1791, later became which province?
  32. Q32 What were the Atlantic colonies and the two Canadas called collectively?
  33. Q33 What did the first elected Assembly of Lower Canada debate in January 1793?
  34. Q34 What did the British Parliament do in 1807?
  35. Q35 In which year was slavery abolished throughout the British Empire?
  36. Q36 What was the Underground Railroad?
  37. Q37 For centuries, Canada's economy rested on farming and on exporting which resources?
  38. Q38 The Hudson's Bay Company post called Fort Garry later became which city?
  39. Q39 In what year did the Montreal Stock Exchange open?
  40. Q40 In which month and year did the United States launch its invasion of Canada in the War of 1812?
  41. Q41 Which First Nations leader brought Shawnee warriors to help defend Canada?
  42. Q42 Which place did Major-General Sir Isaac Brock capture in July 1812?
  43. Q43 Where was Sir Isaac Brock killed?
  44. Q44 At Chateauguay in 1813, how many soldiers did Charles de Salaberry lead against 4,000 Americans?
  45. Q45 Which British commander burned Washington's White House in 1814?
  46. Q46 Laura Secord walked 30 km in 1813 to warn which officer of an American attack?
  47. Q47 What lasting result did the War of 1812 have for Canada?
  48. Q48 Where did the armed rebellions of 1837-38 break out?
  49. Q49 What did Lord Durham recommend after investigating the rebellions?
  50. Q50 What does "responsible government" mean?
  51. Q51 Which of Lord Durham's recommendations caused lasting offence?
  52. Q52 What happened to Upper and Lower Canada in 1840?
  53. Q53 Which colony was first in British North America to win full responsible government?
  54. Q54 Under responsible government, what must a government do if it loses a confidence vote?
  55. Q55 Who led the first responsible government in the Canadas?
  56. Q56 Which colonies sent the representatives who worked to create the new country?
  57. Q57 Which two levels of government did the Fathers of Confederation create?
  58. Q58 Which two provinces were formed when the old Province of Canada was divided in 1867?
  59. Q59 Which law passed by the British Parliament in 1867 created the new country?
  60. Q60 What was July 1 called before 1982?
  61. Q61 Who proposed the title "Dominion of Canada" in 1864?
  62. Q62 Which province and territory were added to Canada in 1870?
  63. Q63 Which two provinces were created in 1905?
  64. Q64 When did Newfoundland and Labrador join Canada?
  65. Q65 Which territory was created in 1999?
  66. Q66 What did some people propose for the British West Indies in the 1920s?
  67. Q67 Where was Sir John A. Macdonald born?
  68. Q68 What was Macdonald's profession, and in which city did he practise?
  69. Q69 In Discover Canada, whose portrait is shown on the $10 bill?
  70. Q70 Who was the key architect of Confederation from Quebec?
  71. Q71 When Canada took over the northwest in 1869, which group was not consulted?
  72. Q72 What did Louis Riel seize during the first Metis uprising?
  73. Q73 What happened after federal troops marched on Fort Garry in 1870?
  74. Q74 Where was the second rebellion of 1885, and what happened to Riel?
  75. Q75 Why did Prime Minister Macdonald set up the North West Mounted Police in 1873?
  76. Q76 What are the Mounties today?
  77. Q77 What did Ottawa promise to bring British Columbia into Canada in 1871?
  78. Q78 Who drove the last spike of the Canadian Pacific Railway, and when?
  79. Q79 Who paid for the Canadian Pacific Railway, and who built it?
  80. Q80 What was the Head Tax, for which Canada apologized in 2006?
  81. Q81 What is Sir Wilfrid Laurier remembered for?
  82. Q82 Whose portrait appears on the $5 bill?
  83. Q83 About how many Ukrainians settled in the West before 1914?
  84. Q84 How many Canadians volunteered to fight in the South African (Boer) War?
  85. Q85 How many Canadians served in the First World War, and out of what population?
  86. Q86 When did the Canadian Corps capture Vimy Ridge?
  87. Q87 Who commanded the Canadian Corps during the last hundred days of the war?
  88. Q88 Who did Ottawa intern as "enemy aliens" between 1914 and 1920?
  89. Q89 What did the Germans call the Battle of Amiens of August 8, 1918?
  90. Q90 What were Canada's losses in the First World War?
  91. Q91 Who founded the women's suffrage movement in Canada?
  92. Q92 Which province was first to grant women the right to vote, and in what year?
  93. Q93 Which women were the first to receive the federal vote in 1917?
  94. Q94 Who became Canada's first woman Member of Parliament, and when?
  95. Q95 In what year did Quebec grant women the right to vote?
  96. Q96 How do Canadians mark Remembrance Day each 11 November?
  97. Q97 Who wrote the poem "In Flanders Fields", and in what year?
  98. Q98 What did the British Empire become after the First World War?
  99. Q99 What event brought on the Great Depression?
  100. Q100 How high did unemployment climb in 1933?
  101. Q101 Why was the Bank of Canada set up in 1934?
  102. Q102 Which refugees were turned away by Canada in 1939?
  103. Q103 What action by Hitler started the Second World War in 1939?
  104. Q104 How many Canadians and Newfoundlanders served in the Second World War?
  105. Q105 How many Canadians were killed in the Second World War?
  106. Q106 In which two Second World War actions did Canadians suffer heavy losses in defeat?
  107. Q107 What is described as the Royal Canadian Navy's finest hour?
  108. Q108 Which beach did Canadian troops storm and capture on D-Day?
  109. Q109 Which country did the Canadian Army liberate in 1944-45?
  110. Q110 What happened to Canadians of Japanese origin during the Second World War?
  111. Q111 Which explorer first charted Canada's Atlantic coastline?
  112. Q112 Where does the name "Canada" come from?
  113. Q113 In what year did Samuel de Champlain build a fortress at what is now Québec City?
  114. Q114 Which battle in 1759 marked the end of France's empire in America?
  115. Q115 What did the Quebec Act of 1774 change?
  116. Q116 Roughly how many people loyal to the Crown fled to Nova Scotia and Quebec after 1776?
  117. Q117 Which was the first province in the British Empire to move toward abolishing slavery?

🌆 Chapter 4: Modern Canada (69 questions)

  1. Q1 Which agreement opened up Depression-era trade restrictions and is now the World Trade Organization?
  2. Q2 In what year was oil discovered in Alberta, launching Canada's modern energy industry?
  3. Q3 In which year could a majority of Canadians first afford adequate food, shelter and clothing?
  4. Q4 Which country is Canada's most important trading partner?
  5. Q5 Which federal law guarantees a shared set of features and a minimum level of health-care coverage?
  6. Q6 In what year did the federal government introduce unemployment insurance, now called employment insurance?
  7. Q7 Old Age Security was first devised as early as which year?
  8. Q8 In what year were the Canada and Quebec Pension Plans introduced?
  9. Q9 Who provides publicly funded education in Canada?
  10. Q10 The Cold War began when countries of eastern Europe fell under the control of which power?
  11. Q11 Which dictator led the Soviet Union as the Cold War began?
  12. Q12 What kind of alliance is NATO, which Canada joined with other Western democracies?
  13. Q13 Canada and the United States jointly run which continental defence command?
  14. Q14 Canada fought in a United Nations operation defending which country in the early 1950s?
  15. Q15 During which years was the Korean War fought?
  16. Q16 What were Canada's losses in the Korean War?
  17. Q17 Egypt, Cyprus and which other country are named as sites of Canadian UN peacekeeping?
  18. Q18 Besides UN peacekeeping, Canada joined international security operations in which two places?
  19. Q19 What is the name for Quebec's period of rapid change during the 1960s?
  20. Q20 In what year did Parliament create the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism?
  21. Q21 Which 1969 law guarantees federal services in both French and English across Canada?
  22. Q22 What is La Francophonie, which Canada helped found in 1970?
  23. Q23 In what year was the first Quebec referendum on sovereignty defeated?
  24. Q24 The Constitution was amended in 1982 without the agreement of which province?
  25. Q25 In which year was a second Quebec referendum on sovereignty held and defeated?
  26. Q26 Which group was the last of the Canadians of Asian descent to win the vote, in 1948?
  27. Q27 In what year were Aboriginal people granted the right to vote?
  28. Q28 At what age may a Canadian citizen vote in an election?
  29. Q29 About how many Hungarians escaping Soviet rule in 1956 found refuge in Canada?
  30. Q30 After the Communist victory in Vietnam in 1975, how many Vietnamese found refuge in Canada?
  31. Q31 By the 1960s, what proportion of Canadians had origins neither British nor French?
  32. Q32 What gave the idea of multiculturalism fresh momentum in Canada?
  33. Q33 Which change in the work force came with expanding education after the war?
  34. Q34 Which group of painters is best known for its style of depicting Canada's wild, untamed scenery?
  35. Q35 In what year was the Group of Seven founded?
  36. Q36 Which painter is famous for West Coast forests and Aboriginal artifacts?
  37. Q37 Which Quebec group pioneered modern abstract art in the 1950s?
  38. Q38 Who was the most notable member of Les Automatistes?
  39. Q39 Which artist is credited with founding modern Inuit art through printmaking and carving in stone?
  40. Q40 Whose award-winning films are popular in Quebec and across Canada?
  41. Q41 Which three authors are named as having broadened the range of Canadian writing?
  42. Q42 Which Canadian invented basketball in 1891?
  43. Q43 In which sport, called Canada's national sport, have Canadian teams dominated the world?
  44. Q44 Who scored Canada's winning goal in the 1972 Canada-Soviet Summit Series?
  45. Q45 Which team did Wayne Gretzky play for from 1979 to 1988?
  46. Q46 What did Donovan Bailey achieve at the 1996 Olympic Summer Games?
  47. Q47 In which sport did Chantal Petitclerc become a world champion and Paralympic gold medallist?
  48. Q48 Who launched the 1980 Marathon of Hope, a cross-country run for cancer charity?
  49. Q49 At what age did Terry Fox lose his right leg to cancer?
  50. Q50 What did Rick Hansen do in 1985 to raise money for spinal cord research?
  51. Q51 Which trophy do Canadian Football League teams compete for?
  52. Q52 Who donated the Grey Cup, and in which year?
  53. Q53 Which two people discovered insulin?
  54. Q54 Insulin is a hormone used to treat which illness?
  55. Q55 How many lives around the world has insulin saved?
  56. Q56 Since which year have the Canadian Space Agency and Canadian astronauts taken part in space exploration?
  57. Q57 Which Nobel Prize-winning scientist in Canada had fled Nazi Germany as a refugee?
  58. Q58 Where was Alexander Graham Bell when he first conceived of the telephone?
  59. Q59 Who invented the snowmobile?
  60. Q60 Sir Sandford Fleming gave the world which system?
  61. Q61 Which two Canadians invented the first electric light bulb?
  62. Q62 Reginald Fessenden sent the world's first what?
  63. Q63 Dr. Wilder Penfield was a pioneer in which kind of surgery?
  64. Q64 What is the Canadarm?
  65. Q65 Who invented the first cardiac pacemaker?
  66. Q66 Mike Lazaridis and Jim Balsillie of Research In Motion are known for which invention?
  67. Q67 Where are Canada's national historic sites located?
  68. Q68 Which two websites help you find a museum or historic site in Canada?
  69. Q69 What sorts of places are included among national historic sites?

⚖️ Chapter 5: How Canadians Govern Themselves (71 questions)

  1. Q1 Which four kinds of government operate in Canada?
  2. Q2 Which of these is a responsibility of the federal government?
  3. Q3 Which pair of subjects is handled by the federal government?
  4. Q4 Which of these national matters does the federal government look after?
  5. Q5 Which level of government deals with citizenship?
  6. Q6 Foreign policy and trade between provinces are the responsibility of whom?
  7. Q7 How many northern territories does Canada have?
  8. Q8 Which level of government is responsible for health?
  9. Q9 Who is responsible for natural resources?
  10. Q10 Highways are the responsibility of which level of government?
  11. Q11 Which level of government is responsible for municipal government itself?
  12. Q12 Property and civil rights fall under whose responsibility?
  13. Q13 Which TWO areas do the federal government and the provinces share?
  14. Q14 What does federalism allow the provinces to do?
  15. Q15 Which provincial body is compared to the House of Commons in Ottawa?
  16. Q16 Why do the three northern territories not have the status of provinces?
  17. Q17 What do the governments and assemblies of the territories do?
  18. Q18 In Canada's parliamentary democracy, whom do the people elect?
  19. Q19 What are elected representatives responsible for?
  20. Q20 To whom are Cabinet ministers responsible?
  21. Q21 What must the Cabinet keep in order to stay in office?
  22. Q22 What must Cabinet ministers do if they lose a non-confidence vote?
  23. Q23 Who chooses the federal Cabinet ministers?
  24. Q24 Who is responsible for the operations and policy of the federal government?
  25. Q25 What are the two parts of a provincial legislature?
  26. Q26 Which chamber of Parliament is described as the representative chamber?
  27. Q27 The House of Commons is made up of whom?
  28. Q28 How often are members of the House of Commons traditionally elected?
  29. Q29 Who appoints senators?
  30. Q30 What is a bill?
  31. Q31 Before a bill can go on to receive royal assent, what must have happened?
  32. Q32 What happens at first reading?
  33. Q33 What do members debate at second reading?
  34. Q34 What happens at the committee stage?
  35. Q35 At which stage can members put forward further amendments?
  36. Q36 What takes place at third reading?
  37. Q37 What is the final step in the legislative process?
  38. Q38 Once a bill has cleared the House of Commons, where does it go next?
  39. Q39 Which stage comes immediately before third reading?
  40. Q40 How many steps are there in the process of a bill becoming law?
  41. Q41 How many readings does a bill get in the House of Commons?
  42. Q42 From what age should Canadians take part by voting?
  43. Q43 In which elections should Canadians vote?
  44. Q44 Living in a democracy gives citizens what, when decisions affect them?
  45. Q45 How does a person become Canada's Sovereign?
  46. Q46 The Sovereign reigns in accordance with what?
  47. Q47 What kind of role does the Sovereign play as part of Parliament?
  48. Q48 What does the Sovereign represent for Canadians?
  49. Q49 Which of these countries is also a constitutional monarchy?
  50. Q50 What does the Royal Family's example of lifelong service encourage citizens to do?
  51. Q51 Who represents the Sovereign in Canada?
  52. Q52 Who appoints the Governor General?
  53. Q53 How long does a Governor General usually serve?
  54. Q54 Who represents the Sovereign in each of the ten provinces?
  55. Q55 Who appoints a province's Lieutenant Governor?
  56. Q56 What are the three branches of government?
  57. Q57 How do the three branches of government relate to one another?
  58. Q58 What does the interplay of the three branches help to secure?
  59. Q59 Where are provincial and territorial laws passed?
  60. Q60 Which title is used for members of some provincial legislatures?
  61. Q61 A provincial Premier's role is similar to whose role in Ottawa?
  62. Q62 A Lieutenant Governor's role in a province is similar to whose federal role?
  63. Q63 Who represents the federal government in each of the three territories?
  64. Q64 What kind of role does a territorial Commissioner play?
  65. Q65 What are the three parts of Parliament?
  66. Q66 Who grants royal assent to a bill in Canada?
  67. Q67 At what age must a Canadian senator step down?
  68. Q68 Which three terms together describe how Canada is governed?
  69. Q69 Which 1867 act defined the responsibilities of the federal and provincial governments?
  70. Q70 Which level of government is responsible for education?
  71. Q71 What is the difference between the head of state and the head of government in Canada?

🗳️ Chapter 6: Federal Elections (63 questions)

  1. Q1 Canadians vote in federal elections to fill seats in which body?
  2. Q2 Members of the House of Commons are also known by what name?
  3. Q3 Under the law passed by Parliament, when is a federal general election normally held?
  4. Q4 Who may ask the Governor General to call an election before the fixed date?
  5. Q5 Which two words are also used to mean an electoral district?
  6. Q6 What is an electoral district?
  7. Q7 An MP represents the voters of their own district and who else?
  8. Q8 What is the minimum age for a Canadian citizen to run in a federal election?
  9. Q9 What do we call the people who run for office in an election?
  10. Q10 In an electoral district, which candidate becomes the MP?
  11. Q11 The right to vote in Canada is described as what?
  12. Q12 Which three conditions must you meet to vote in a federal election?
  13. Q13 The voters' lists used in federal elections are produced from what?
  14. Q14 How is Elections Canada described?
  15. Q15 What is the National Register of Electors?
  16. Q16 What does Elections Canada mail out once an election has been called?
  17. Q17 Where would you find the number to call if you need an interpreter at the polls?
  18. Q18 If your name is not on the voters' list, when can it be added?
  19. Q19 Apart from elections, the voters' lists are also used for what?
  20. Q20 Where do you go to cast your vote on election day or at an advance poll?
  21. Q21 What does the right to a secret ballot guarantee?
  22. Q22 Who has the right to demand that you say how you voted?
  23. Q23 May you tell other people how you voted?
  24. Q24 Who counts the ballots as soon as the polling stations close?
  25. Q25 How are election results made known to the public straight after the count?
  26. Q26 After an election, whom does the Governor General normally invite to form the government?
  27. Q27 What is a majority government?
  28. Q28 What is a minority government?
  29. Q29 The Prime Minister and the governing party stay in office only while they hold what?
  30. Q30 Which kind of vote in the House of Commons counts as a matter of confidence?
  31. Q31 What usually follows when most MPs vote against a major government decision?
  32. Q32 Who chooses the ministers of the Crown?
  33. Q33 What are Cabinet ministers responsible for?
  34. Q34 Who makes up the Cabinet?
  35. Q35 Which two things does the Cabinet prepare and put forward?
  36. Q36 What are the parties that are not in power called?
  37. Q37 Which party becomes the Official Opposition?
  38. Q38 What is the other name for the Official Opposition?
  39. Q39 What is the role of the opposition parties?
  40. Q40 Which three parties are the main ones in the House of Commons?
  41. Q41 What does receiving a voter information card confirm?
  42. Q42 What should you do if no voter information card arrives?
  43. Q43 Which telephone number is given for Elections Canada in Ottawa?
  44. Q44 What are your options if you cannot vote on election day itself?
  45. Q45 What must you take to the polling station on election day?
  46. Q46 How do you mark a federal ballot?
  47. Q47 What do you do with the ballot after marking it behind the screen?
  48. Q48 What does the poll official do just before you drop your ballot in the box?
  49. Q49 Besides television, where can you follow the election results?
  50. Q50 What are the laws made by a municipal council called?
  51. Q51 Who normally sits on a municipal council?
  52. Q52 Which of these is a municipal responsibility?
  53. Q53 Which of these is a provincial or territorial responsibility?
  54. Q54 Which of these is a federal responsibility?
  55. Q55 Which two of these areas are shared responsibilities of the federal and provincial governments?
  56. Q56 In which two provinces is policing listed as a provincial responsibility?
  57. Q57 What title is used for elected members of a provincial legislature?
  58. Q58 Who carries out major responsibilities such as housing and schools on First Nations reserves?
  59. Q59 How do provincial, territorial and municipal elections compare with federal ones?
  60. Q60 In a province, who acts as the Sovereign's representative?
  61. Q61 Who represents the federal government in a territory?
  62. Q62 What is the head of a provincial government called?
  63. Q63 At the federal level, which office is described as Head of Government?

👨‍⚖️ Chapter 7: The Justice System (34 questions)

  1. Q1 What does Canada's justice system guarantee to everyone?
  2. Q2 In a Canadian criminal case, what does the presumption of innocence mean?
  3. Q3 What does the term "due process" mean?
  4. Q4 Canada's legal system grew from a heritage that includes which of these?
  5. Q5 Why is Lady Justice shown wearing a blindfold?
  6. Q6 The Scales of Justice sculpture is at which Canadian courthouse?
  7. Q7 Who makes the laws in Canada?
  8. Q8 What are laws in Canada?
  9. Q9 What is the role of the courts in Canada?
  10. Q10 Who has the job of enforcing Canada's laws?
  11. Q11 Who must obey the law in Canada?
  12. Q12 Which of these is a stated purpose of Canada's laws?
  13. Q13 How is Canada governed?
  14. Q14 Besides keeping order, what do Canadian laws express?
  15. Q15 Which is the highest court in Canada?
  16. Q16 Which court handles matters that concern the federal government?
  17. Q17 In most provinces, which two kinds of court exist?
  18. Q18 In some provinces, what other name is used for the trial court?
  19. Q19 Which court hears civil cases involving small amounts of money?
  20. Q20 Where are lesser offences dealt with?
  21. Q21 Which of these is a specialized court in Canada?
  22. Q22 What are the two main jobs of the police in Canada?
  23. Q23 Which two provinces run their own provincial police forces?
  24. Q24 Where are municipal police departments found?
  25. Q25 What do the letters RCMP stand for?
  26. Q26 Which laws does the RCMP enforce across the whole country?
  27. Q27 Besides federal and provincial policing, where else does the RCMP serve?
  28. Q28 May you question the police about their service or conduct?
  29. Q29 What do almost all Canadian police forces provide?
  30. Q30 Which two of these are given as reasons to ask the police for help?
  31. Q31 What can a lawyer do for you?
  32. Q32 What is available to someone who cannot afford a lawyer?
  33. Q33 How much does legal aid cost in Canada?
  34. Q34 What role do prisons play in Canada?

🐦 Chapter 8: Canadian Symbols (76 questions)

  1. Q1 What do Canadian symbols include?
  2. Q2 For about how long has the Crown been a symbol of the state in Canada?
  3. Q3 From what point has Canada been a monarchy in its own right?
  4. Q4 Which monarch reigned when Canada became a constitutional monarchy in its own right?
  5. Q5 Which institutions does the Crown symbolize in Canada?
  6. Q6 How many years as Sovereign does a Diamond Jubilee mark?
  7. Q7 The red-white-red pattern of the national flag was taken from the flag of what?
  8. Q8 In what year was the Royal Military College at Kingston founded?
  9. Q9 Since what year have red and white been the national colours of Canada?
  10. Q10 Red and white were the colours of which two countries from the Middle Ages onward?
  11. Q11 For roughly how long did the Canadian Red Ensign serve as Canada's flag?
  12. Q12 What is Canada's best-known symbol?
  13. Q13 In which century did French-Canadians take up the maple leaf as a symbol?
  14. Q14 Since when have maple leaves appeared on Canadian uniforms and insignia?
  15. Q15 How is the maple leaf used to mark Canada's fallen soldiers?
  16. Q16 In what year is the lily flower said to have been adopted by the king of France?
  17. Q17 In what year did Quebec adopt its own provincial flag?
  18. Q18 Canada adopted an official coat of arms and national motto soon after which event?
  19. Q19 Besides red maple leaves, which countries' symbols appear on Canada's coat of arms?
  20. Q20 Which traditions are reflected in the towers, arches and stained glass of Parliament?
  21. Q21 Which architectural style, popular in Queen Victoria's day, shaped the Parliament Buildings?
  22. Q22 When were the Parliament Buildings in Ottawa completed?
  23. Q23 What destroyed the Centre Block of the Parliament Buildings in 1916?
  24. Q24 In what year was the Centre Block rebuilt after the 1916 fire?
  25. Q25 Which part of the original Centre Block survives today?
  26. Q26 The Peace Tower was finished in 1927 as a memorial to what?
  27. Q27 What is kept in the Memorial Chamber inside the Peace Tower?
  28. Q28 In which architectural style was the Quebec National Assembly built?
  29. Q29 Which sport is described as Canada's national winter sport?
  30. Q30 When was ice hockey developed in Canada?
  31. Q31 Who donated the Stanley Cup, and in what year?
  32. Q32 The Clarkson Cup, established in 2005, is awarded in which sport?
  33. Q33 What was notable about Adrienne Clarkson, the 26th Governor General?
  34. Q34 Which sport is the second most popular in Canada?
  35. Q35 Which game has more registered players than any other in Canada?
  36. Q36 Who introduced curling to Canada?
  37. Q37 The beaver was taken as a symbol centuries ago by which organization?
  38. Q38 In what year did the beaver become an emblem of the St. Jean Baptiste Society?
  39. Q39 The beaver appears on the coats of arms of which two provinces?
  40. Q40 Which two languages are Canada's official languages?
  41. Q41 For how long have English and French speakers lived together in Canada?
  42. Q42 What language ability must most citizenship applicants demonstrate?
  43. Q43 Which applicants are exempt from the language requirement for citizenship?
  44. Q44 In what year did Parliament pass the Official Languages Act?
  45. Q45 Which two of these are objectives of the Official Languages Act?
  46. Q46 In which city was O Canada first sung?
  47. Q47 In what year was O Canada first sung?
  48. Q48 How do English and French Canadians sing the national anthem?
  49. Q49 What is the Royal Anthem of Canada?
  50. Q50 When may the Royal Anthem be played or sung in Canada?
  51. Q51 Canada's official honours are made up of which three kinds of award?
  52. Q52 In what year did Canada begin its own honours system with the Order of Canada?
  53. Q53 What is the highest honour a Canadian can receive?
  54. Q54 For what kind of act is the Victoria Cross awarded?
  55. Q55 How many Canadians have been awarded the Victoria Cross since 1854?
  56. Q56 Who was the first Canadian awarded the Victoria Cross?
  57. Q57 In which action did Alexander Roberts Dunn win the Victoria Cross?
  58. Q58 Which Nova Scotia sailor became the first black recipient of the Victoria Cross?
  59. Q59 Why was Filip Konowal's Victoria Cross a first?
  60. Q60 With which force did Billy Bishop win his Victoria Cross?
  61. Q61 Paul Triquet earned the Victoria Cross leading an attack where, in 1943?
  62. Q62 Who is the most recent Canadian to have received the Victoria Cross?
  63. Q63 On what date is Sir John A. Macdonald Day marked?
  64. Q64 On what date does Vimy Day fall?
  65. Q65 When is Victoria Day observed?
  66. Q66 On what date is Quebec's Fete Nationale held?
  67. Q67 When is Labour Day in Canada?
  68. Q68 When is Thanksgiving Day in Canada?
  69. Q69 On what date is Sir Wilfrid Laurier Day marked?
  70. Q70 On what date is Boxing Day?
  71. Q71 Which year saw Canada's maple leaf flag first flown?
  72. Q72 Which flag serves as Canada's Royal Flag?
  73. Q73 What does Canada's national motto, A Mari Usque Ad Mare, mean?
  74. Q74 What is Canada's official summer sport?
  75. Q75 O Canada became the country's official anthem in which year?
  76. Q76 On which Canadian coin does the beaver appear?

📈 Chapter 9: Canada's Economy (35 questions)

  1. Q1 What is the engine of Canada's economic growth?
  2. Q2 Why must Canada trade with other nations?
  3. Q3 In which year did Canada bring in free trade with the United States?
  4. Q4 Which country joined Canada and the United States in NAFTA in 1994?
  5. Q5 What do the letters in NAFTA stand for?
  6. Q6 How many people did the NAFTA market cover?
  7. Q7 How much merchandise trade did NAFTA account for in 2008?
  8. Q8 Where does Canada rank among the world's economies?
  9. Q9 Canada is a member of which group of leading industrialized countries?
  10. Q10 Which country is one of Canada's G8 partners?
  11. Q11 On which river is the hydro-electric dam in Quebec?
  12. Q12 The oil pumpjacks shown in the chapter are in which province?
  13. Q13 Which of these is one of the three main types of industry in Canada's economy?
  14. Q14 The car assembly plant pictured in the chapter is in which Ontario town?
  15. Q15 Which Ontario region is pictured growing ice wine grapes?
  16. Q16 Which Pacific coast port appears in the chapter's photographs?
  17. Q17 What share of working Canadians hold jobs in service industries?
  18. Q18 Which TWO of these are service industries?
  19. Q19 Which industry group does construction belong to?
  20. Q20 What do manufacturing industries do?
  21. Q21 Which of these is listed as a Canadian manufactured product?
  22. Q22 Which country is Canada's largest international trading partner?
  23. Q23 Which of these is a natural resource industry?
  24. Q24 What role have natural resource industries played in Canada?
  25. Q25 How do natural resources feature in Canada's exports?
  26. Q26 What are many of Canada's regional economies still built around?
  27. Q27 What share of Canadian exports is destined for the United States?
  28. Q28 How large is trade between Canada and the United States?
  29. Q29 What is the Canada-United States border traditionally called?
  30. Q30 How many people cross the Canada-U.S. border each year?
  31. Q31 Where does the Peace Arch stand?
  32. Q32 The Peace Arch carries which TWO inscriptions?
  33. Q33 What does the Peace Arch symbolize?
  34. Q34 How do integrated Canada-U.S. supply chains operate?
  35. Q35 Which of these does Canada export in large amounts every year?

🗺️ Chapter 10: Canada's Regions (85 questions)

  1. Q1 Where does Canada rank in size among the world's countries?
  2. Q2 Canada is bordered by which three oceans?
  3. Q3 What lies along Canada's southern edge?
  4. Q4 Canada is commonly divided into how many geographic regions?
  5. Q5 On which river does Canada's capital city stand?
  6. Q6 In which year was Ottawa chosen as Canada's capital?
  7. Q7 Who selected Ottawa to be the capital of Canada?
  8. Q8 How large is the National Capital Region surrounding Ottawa?
  9. Q9 How many provinces and territories does Canada have?
  10. Q10 In 2011, about how many people lived in Canada?
  11. Q11 What is the capital city of Newfoundland and Labrador?
  12. Q12 What is the capital city of Prince Edward Island?
  13. Q13 What is the capital city of Ontario?
  14. Q14 What is the capital city of the province of Quebec?
  15. Q15 What is the capital city of Manitoba?
  16. Q16 What is the capital city of Alberta?
  17. Q17 Which provinces are referred to as the Atlantic Provinces?
  18. Q18 What kind of climate does the Atlantic Ocean give the Atlantic provinces?
  19. Q19 Which province is the most easterly point in North America?
  20. Q20 Newfoundland and Labrador was the oldest colony of which empire?
  21. Q21 Which resource does Labrador hold in immense quantity?
  22. Q22 Which is Canada's smallest province?
  23. Q23 Which province is called the birthplace of Confederation?
  24. Q24 What links Prince Edward Island to mainland Canada?
  25. Q25 Who wrote Anne of Green Gables, the story set in Prince Edward Island?
  26. Q26 Which is the most populous Atlantic province?
  27. Q27 What is the Bay of Fundy famous for?
  28. Q28 Which city is Nova Scotia's capital and Canada's largest east coast port?
  29. Q29 Which traditions sustain a vibrant culture in Nova Scotia?
  30. Q30 Which is Canada's only officially bilingual province?
  31. Q31 Roughly what proportion of New Brunswickers use French in their daily and working lives?
  32. Q32 Which is New Brunswick's largest city, port and manufacturing centre?
  33. Q33 Which city is the historic capital of New Brunswick?
  34. Q34 Which two provinces make up Central Canada?
  35. Q35 Where do more than half of all Canadians live?
  36. Q36 How much of Canada's manufactured goods come from Ontario and Quebec together?
  37. Q37 What share of Quebecers speak French as their first language?
  38. Q38 Which province produces the most hydro-electricity in Canada?
  39. Q39 Montreal is the second largest mainly French-speaking city after which city?
  40. Q40 What is La Francophonie?
  41. Q41 What share of Canada's population lives in Ontario?
  42. Q42 Which city is Canada's largest and its main financial centre?
  43. Q43 Which is the largest freshwater lake in the world?
  44. Q44 Which of the five Great Lakes lies inside the United States?
  45. Q45 Which three provinces are the Prairie Provinces?
  46. Q46 What is the climate of the Prairie Provinces like?
  47. Q47 What is Manitoba's economy based on?
  48. Q48 Which street intersection is described as the most famous in Canada?
  49. Q49 What is St. Boniface, Winnipeg's French Quarter, known for?
  50. Q50 Which province has the largest Aboriginal population, at over 15 per cent?
  51. Q51 Which province was once called the "breadbasket of the world"?
  52. Q52 In which city is the training academy of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police?
  53. Q53 Saskatchewan has the world's richest deposits of which two minerals?
  54. Q54 Which is Saskatchewan's largest city and the base of its mining industry?
  55. Q55 Which is the most populous Prairie province?
  56. Q56 Alberta and Lake Louise were both named after whom?
  57. Q57 In which year was Banff National Park established?
  58. Q58 Which province is Canada's largest producer of oil and gas?
  59. Q59 What are Alberta's rugged Badlands known for?
  60. Q60 Why does the British Columbia coast have a temperate climate?
  61. Q61 Which is Canada's westernmost province?
  62. Q62 Which is Canada's largest and busiest port?
  63. Q63 In British Columbia's cities, which two languages rank just behind English?
  64. Q64 About what share of the goods produced in British Columbia are forestry products?
  65. Q65 Which city is B.C.'s capital and home to the navy's Pacific fleet headquarters?
  66. Q66 How much of Canada's land mass do the three northern territories cover?
  67. Q67 About how many people live in Canada's three northern territories?
  68. Q68 Why is the North called the "Land of the Midnight Sun"?
  69. Q69 What is the tundra?
  70. Q70 What drew thousands of miners to the Yukon in the 1890s?
  71. Q71 Whose poetry celebrates the Yukon Gold Rush?
  72. Q72 What is the coldest temperature ever recorded in Canada, set in the Yukon?
  73. Q73 The White Pass and Yukon Railway runs from Skagway, Alaska, to which city?
  74. Q74 Where is Mount Logan, the highest mountain in Canada?
  75. Q75 Which two older territories became the Northwest Territories in 1870?
  76. Q76 Which city is known as the "diamond capital of North America"?
  77. Q77 What share of the people of the Northwest Territories is Aboriginal?
  78. Q78 The Mackenzie is North America's second-longest river system after which river?
  79. Q79 What does the word "Nunavut" mean in Inuktitut?
  80. Q80 In which year was Nunavut established?
  81. Q81 Nunavut was created out of which area?
  82. Q82 Roughly what proportion of Nunavut's people are Inuit?
  83. Q83 How does Nunavut's Legislative Assembly choose its premier and ministers?
  84. Q84 The Canadian Rangers form part of which organization?
  85. Q85 How do the Canadian Rangers travel across the Arctic?

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